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Ruby versus other languages

Smalltalk Ruby is very Smalltalk inspired (everything is an object). However, Ruby is much more practical and flexible.
Python Both Ruby and Python were created as alternatives to Perl. However, Python is more TIOOWTDI and Ruby is more TIMTOWTDI.
Perl Ruby is very Perl inspired. With some fantasy, Ruby may be seen as an alternative evolution of Perl.
CLU, Eiffel, Lisp Borrowed some small ideas. CLU iterators, Eiffel syntax, Lisp concepts.

O'Reilly Interview: What bits of Perl did you incorporate in Ruby?

Matz: A lot. Ruby's class library is an object-oriented reorganization of Perl functionality--plus some Smalltalk and Lisp stuff. I used too much, I guess. I shouldn't have inherited $_, $&, and the other, ugly style variables.

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